Thursday, December 15, 2011

Four sons of the English Throne

            King Henry V of England was born at the Monmouth Castle on either the ninth of  August of the sixteenth of September, in about 1386. His father was Henry of Bolingbroke, later King Henry IV of England, and his mother Mary de Bohun, who gave birth to him at sixteen. After his father died on the twentieth of March, 1413, Henry V succeeded him the day after and was Crowned on the ninth of April, 1413. He married Catherine of Valois and they had only one child, Henry, who later became King Henry VI of England.
            Thomas of Lancaster was born on the twenty-fifth of November, 1387, and was the first Duke of Clarence. He was the second surviving son of Henry IV and Mary. He married  the widow Lady Margaret Holland, but while they did not have any children, Thomas was a stepfather to the six children she had in her first marriage  and he had one natural son by a different woman, Sir John of Clarence, also called the "Bastard of Clarence", who fought by his father's side in the wars of his Thomas's elder brother, Henry V, in France. He died on the twenty-second of March, 1421, at the age of  34.
            John of Lancaster, the First Duke of Bedford, was born on the twentieth of June, 1389. He was the third son of Henry IV and Mary de Bohun, and he served as the regent of France for his nephew, Henry VI. He died on the fourteenth of September, in 1435 and had no children.
            Humphrey of Lancaster was born on the third of October, 1390, and he was the first Duke of Gloucester. He was the fourth and youngest son of King Henry IV of England and Mary de Bohun. He had a very romantic and chivalrous personality, which caught the attention of Jacquline, Countess of Hainaut and Holland. The pair had a stillborn child in 1424, and Jacquline died in 1436. He remarried his former mistress, Eleanor Cobham. She was tried and convicted of practicing witchcraft against the King, trying to retain power for her husband, and she was exiled and imprisoned for life. Humphrey had two children, Arthur of Gloucester, who died in 1447, and Antigone Plantagenet of Gloucester, who married Henry Grey, second Earl of Tankerville, Lord of Powys, and then, after Henry Grey died in 1450, married John d'Amancier. Humphrey died on the twenty-third of February, 1447.

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